Of course, no treatment is without complications, and stem cell therapy is the same. However, despite its novelty, stem cell therapy has limited side effects, if used properly, with comparable general side effects to those experienced with regular blood transfusion or foreign organ transplantation (ex. allergic reactions, cell rejection, or fever). Additionally, in studies specifically studying stem cell therapy in patients with spina bifida, no significant side effects were reported and none were life-threatening or had life-long consequences (8, 9). They were also easily managed medically at the time of their occurrence.